1 whole chicken (about 3-4 pounds), or 3-4 pounds bone-in, skin-on chicken pieces (such as thighs and drumsticks)
12 cups water or chicken broth
1 large onion, chopped
2 carrots, peeled and chopped
2 celery stalks, chopped
2-3 cloves garlic, minced
1 bay leaf
1 teaspoon dried thyme
1/2 teaspoon dried rosemary (optional)
1/2 teaspoon black peppercorns
1 teaspoon salt (or more to taste)
Optional additions:
1 cup egg noodles or other pasta
1 cup chopped fresh parsley or other herbs (for garnish)
1 cup diced potatoes
Prepare the chicken: If using a whole chicken, remove any giblets from the cavity. Rinse the chicken inside and out. If using chicken pieces, rinse them as well.
Combine ingredients in a pot: Place the chicken in a large stockpot or Dutch oven. Add the water or chicken broth, onion, carrots, celery, garlic, bay leaf, thyme, rosemary (if using), peppercorns, and salt.
Bring to a boil, then simmer: Bring the mixture to a boil over medium-high heat. Once boiling, reduce the heat to low, cover the pot, and simmer for at least 1 1/2 to 2 hours, or until the chicken is cooked through and the meat is falling off the bone. The longer it simmers, the more flavorful the broth will become.
Remove the chicken: Carefully remove the chicken from the pot and let it cool slightly. Once cool enough to handle, shred the chicken meat, discarding the skin and bones.
Strain the broth (optional): For a clearer broth, strain it through a fine-mesh sieve or cheesecloth, discarding the solids. If you prefer a more rustic soup, you can skip this step.
Add optional additions: If using noodles or pasta, bring the broth back to a simmer and add them according to package directions. If using potatoes, add them with about 30 minutes left in the simmering time (step 3).
Return the chicken to the pot: Add the shredded chicken back to the pot with the broth.
Season and serve: Taste the soup and adjust the seasoning with salt and pepper as needed. Ladle the hot chicken soup into bowls and garnish with fresh parsley or other herbs, if desired.